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    What is Glaucoma (Eye Pressure)?

    Eye Pressure, or Glaucoma as it is medically known, is a disease that progresses with damage to the optic nerve due to high intraocular pressure and as a result, first narrowing of the visual field and then vision loss. It ranks second among diseases that cause vision loss, after cataract disease.

    Glaucoma can sometimes be seen in people whose intraocular pressure is normal but whose optic nerve nutrition is impaired. This condition is called Normotensive Glaucoma (normal pressure glaucoma).

    What are the symptoms of glaucoma?

    Glaucoma is a very insidious disease and can progress without any symptoms in most patients. It is possible for a person who has annual routine check-ups after the age of 40 and a detailed examination with tests such as eye pressure and optic nerve analysis (OCT) to make an early diagnosis of glaucoma, as with other eye diseases.

    In subtypes of glaucoma, such as angle-closure glaucoma, patients develop complaints such as sudden pain, decreased vision, and redness in the eyes. This is a disease that requires urgent intervention, and if it is delayed, it may result in permanent blindness.

    Glaucoma Symptoms in Summary:

    • Pain in eyes
    • Headache
    • Seeing circular ring-shaped lights
    • Feeling of pressure and fullness in the eyes
    • Narrowing of the visual field

    How Do We Diagnose Glaucoma?

    A single intraocular pressure measurement is not sufficient to diagnose glaucoma. Before deciding whether a person has Glaucoma or not, the tests listed below must be performed;

    • Intraocular pressure measurement
    • OCT  (Optical Coherence Tomography) test to perform eye nerve analysis
    • Visual Field Analysis

    Our primary goal in glaucoma is to detect the disease at an early stage. For this, we first use our OCT device. Because we can see the beginning of optic nerve damage in our OCT test in the very early stages of the disease. Patients with findings on the OCT device will begin to lose visual field in the Visual Field test in the later stages.

    Who Gets Glaucoma and What Are Its Types?

    The most common type of glaucoma is the type we call Primary Open Angle Glaucoma. Glaucoma, which can affect people of all ages, is generally more common after the age of 45.

    The more symptomatic and urgent type is the closed or narrow-angle glaucoma type. This type, which is more common especially in women, hyperopia and people with a family history, causes complaints such as acute pain, blurred vision and headache, and urgent intervention will be required.

    Glaucoma does not only mean high intraocular pressure. Glaucoma seen in people with optic nerve damage even though the intraocular pressure is normal is called Normotensive Glaucoma, and the situation seen in people with high intraocular pressure but no damage to the optic nerve is called Ocular Hypertension. We will need to differentiate ocular hypertension from Glaucoma. Because although there is a higher than normal intraocular pressure, there is no Glaucoma disease.

    What are the Treatment Options for Glaucoma?

    Our primary goal in glaucoma is to increase the nutrition of the optic nerve and stop the progression of optic nerve damage. The most basic step in this is to control intraocular pressure. We basically have 3 treatment options;

    • Drop Treatment
    • Laser Treatment (SLT,ALT)
    • Surgical Treatment.

    The first step in the treatment of glaucoma is drug therapy. We can benefit from some laser methods such as SLT or ALT in cases that do not respond to medication or are intolerant. Surgical option is an option that should be used without wasting time in Glaucoma patients who continue to progress despite medication or laser.

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