Retinopathy of prematurity is a serious condition that can develop in the eyes of infants who are born before completing the normal development process. Early diagnosis and treatment are critically important. In this article, you’ll find detailed information about ROP and its treatment options.
What Is Retinopathy of Prematurity?
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease that occurs in premature babies due to the abnormal development of blood vessels in the retina. The retina is a light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye where visual processing takes place. ROP is most commonly seen in babies born before 31 weeks of gestation or with a birth weight below 1,250 grams.
Symptoms of Retinopathy of Prematurity
ROP usually does not show noticeable symptoms and can only be detected through an examination by an eye specialist. For this reason, it is very important for premature infants to undergo regular eye exams. Possible signs include:
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Abnormal eye movements
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Weak visual reflexes
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White pupil (leukocoria)
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Strabismus (crossed eyes)
Treatment Methods for Retinopathy of Prematurity
Regular Eye Examinations
Premature infants should undergo eye exams within the first few weeks after birth and continue at regular intervals. Early detection plays a crucial role in the treatment process and allows for timely intervention if ROP progresses.
Laser Therapy
Laser treatment is used to stop the growth of abnormal blood vessels in the peripheral retina. It prevents retinal detachment by halting abnormal vessel development without damaging the healthy retinal tissue.
Cryotherapy
A cold probe is applied to the outer surface of the eye to destroy abnormal vessels by freezing them. It can be used as an alternative to laser therapy, helping preserve the retina while stopping the growth of abnormal blood vessels.
Anti-VEGF Injections
Medications injected into the eye help preserve the retina by preventing abnormal blood vessel growth. These injections may be used as an alternative to or in combination with laser or cryotherapy, helping control vascular development.
Surgical Intervention
In advanced cases of ROP, surgical procedures such as vitrectomy may be required to repair retinal detachment. These procedures help prevent vision loss by reattaching the retina.
Important Considerations in ROP Treatment
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Premature infants should undergo regular eye exams, and those at risk of ROP must be closely monitored.
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After treatment, infants should be followed up regularly, and additional treatments should be provided if necessary.
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Families should be educated about their child’s eye health, and the importance of regular eye exams should be emphasized.
Retinopathy of prematurity can be managed with proper and timely treatment, helping preserve visual function in infants. Ophthalmologist Op. Dr. Ömer TAKEŞ protects the eye health of premature babies with his expertise and experience, providing the best possible treatment options. For more information about ROP and other eye diseases or to schedule an appointment, please contact our clinic.
